LESSON ONE

SELAMLAŞMA

• Hi. I'm Tom : Merhaba. Ben Tom.
  Hello. I'm Sally : Merhaba. Ben Sally.
  Good morning : Günaydın.
  Good afternoon : Tünaydın.
  Good night : İyi geceler.
  

• How are you? : Nasılsın?
  Fine thanks. And you? : İyiyim teşekkürler. Ya siz?
  Fine : İyiyim.
  

• Nice to meet you : Tanıştığımıza memnun oldum.
  Pleased to meet you : Tanıştığımıza memnun oldum.

• What is your name? : Adınız nedir?
  My name is Rose : Adım Rose.
  What is your name? : Adınız nedir?
  My name is Bill : Adım Bill.

• Goodbye : Hoşçakal.
  Bye : Hoşçakal.
  See you! : Görüşürüz!
  See you later! : Sonra görüşürüz!

Imperatives

The Imperative

• We use the imparative for

1. direct orders
2. suggestions
   
3. directions
   
4. warnings
   
5. Prohibitions ( in public notes ) etc.
   

• generally, we do not use a subject pronoun .
• the negative form is usually expressed by "Don't" or "Do not"
  

Examples:

• Follow me.
• Answer the question.
• Keep off the grass!
• Do not feed the animals!
• Don't worry! Be happy!
  
• Turn left.
• Look out!
• Shut the door, please.
• Wait and see.

EXERCISE:

Complete the sentences.

eg. .............................| Don't wait here.
eg. Wait here | Don't wait here.

1. .................................... | Don't post the letter.
   
   
2. Drink the milk | ........................................ .
   
   
3. ................................ | Don't open the door.
   
   
4. Use it | ..................................... .
   
   
5. .............................. | Don't turn right .
   

Anasayfa

Comparatives

COMPARATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES

(Sıfatların karşılaştırma formları)

Sıfatların comparative "karşılaştırma" formlarını bir kişiyi ya da bir nesneyi bir diğeri ile karşılaştırırken kullanırız.

• Ali is 8 years old and 110 cm long.
  

• Adnan is 12 years old and 145 cm long.
  
  

• Ali is younger than Adnan............................ Adnan is older than Ali

• Ali is shorter than Adnan............................. Adnan is longer than Ali.
  
  ☞ Use comparative adjectives + than to compare things
  
  

Spelling of comparative forms

• A cheetah is faster than a lion.
  

• A worm is thinner than a snake.
  

• Ahmet has got a little money; he has got only 1 million TL.
  Ayla has got a little money too; she has got only 1 million and 5 hundred TL.
  Ahmet’s money is less than Aylas’s. Ayla’s money is more than Ahmet’s.
  
  

| | Picture 1 | | | |Picture 2 | |

• The house in picture A is smaller than the house in picture B.

• The house in picture A is cheaper than the house in picture B.

• The house in picture B is more beautiful than the house in picture A.

• The house in picture B is more expensive than the house in picture A.

• The house in picture B is bigger than the house in picture A.
  
  

EXERCISE :

Make sentences as in the example, using the given words in brackets.

• A car is more expensive than a bicycle. (a car / expensive / a bicycle).

1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (a giraffe / tall / a monkey).

2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (the black sea / small / the pacific ocean).

3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (an airplane / fast / a helicopter).

4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (‹stanbul / large / Ankara).

Answer Key:

1. A giraffe is taller than a monkey.
2. The black sea is smaller than the pacific ocean.
3. An airplane is faster than a helicopter.
4. İstanbul is larger than Ankara.

Anasayfa

kaynak:MEB

A lot of | A few | A little

There are a lot of apples in the basket.








There are a few apples in the basket.








There is a little milk in the bottle.

Examples

• A : What did you do at the party last night ?
  B : We sang a few songs at the party.
  

• Tolga has already knew a little English.
  

• There are a lot of eggs in the basket.
  

EXERCISE 1:
Fill in the blanks with "a lot", "a little" and "a few".

• There are a lot of chickens in the garden.

• A : Is there any bread?
  B : Yes, there is a little.

1. There is ………. coffee in the jar.
2. A : Is there any cheese in the fridge? B : Yes, there is ………………
3. There is …………. corn in the jar.
4. A : Are there any eggs in the basket? B : Yes, there are …………….. eggs in the basket
5. There are …………… pears in the basket.

Answers
EXERCISE 1
1. a lot of
2. a little
3. a little
4. a lot of
5. a few

Anasayfa

kaynak:MEB

Much | Many | How Much | How Many | More

MUCH and MANY
"How much" and "How many"
More

USES

• Much and Many

1. We use much and many to talk about quantity.
   
   
   1. Tom hasn't got much money
   2. Can she buy many cakes?
      
      
2. We use much with uncountable nouns. We normally use it in negative statements and questions:
   
   
   1. I haven't much time.
   2. There isn't much milk in the fridge.
   3. Have you got much money?
   4. Is there much milk in that carton?
      
      
3. We use many with plural countable nouns. We normally use it in negative statements and questions:
   
   
   1. There aren't many pandas in China.
   2. There aren't many students in the library.
   3. Has she got many problems?
   4. Are there many windows in that room?
      
      
4. We sometimes use many in positive sentences:
   
   
   1. Many people speak English.
   2. Many young people like playing basketball.
      
      

• How much ....? and How many ....?

1. We use "How much" with uncountable nouns to make questions about quantity.
   
   
   1. How much money have you got?
   2. How much milk do you want in your tea?
   3. How much does it cost?
      
      
2. We use "How many" with plural countable nouns to make questions about quantity.
   
   
   1. How many cakes can she buy?
   2. How many windows are broken?
   3. How many bananas do you want?
      
      

• More
  

1. We also use more to talk about quantity. We can use more with uncountable and plural countable nouns.
   
   
   1. Kate can buy only two cakes. She needs more cakes for the party.
   2. Tom needs more money.
      
      
2. We often use some more or any more .
   
   
   1. Kate needs some more cakes but she hasn't got any more money.
   2. I don't want to hear any more questions
      
      
      

EXERCISE 1:
Fill in the blanks with "How many" or "How much".

• How many apples do you need for the apple pie?

1. ……………… milk do you put into the pan?
2. ……………… monkeys are there in that cage?
3. ……………… bread do you need?
4. ……………… glasses of water do you drink a day?
5. ………………. salt did you put into the soup?
   

EXERCISE 2:
Make question sentences using "How many" or "How much" as in the example below.

• Linda has put seven apples into the basket.
  How many apples has Linda put into the basket?
  

• There is some money in Tom’s pocket.
  How much money is there in Tom’s pocket?
  

1. They have three cats in their house.
   …………………… do they have?
   
   
2. Mike eats some bread.
   ……………………… does Mike eat?
   
   
3. There are ten pears in the basket.
   ………………………… pears are there in the basket?
   
   
4. There is a little tea in the box.
   ……………………… tea is there in the box?
   
   
5. There isn’t any coffee in the cupboard.
   …………………… coffee is there in the cupboard?
   
   

Anasayfa

kaynaklar:MEB

BE : Present Simple

Verb be: simple present

Uses

1. to talk about people :
   
   • My name is Tom.
   • He is 12 years old.
     
2. to talk about things :
   
   • The table is brown.
   • Tomatoes are red.
     
3. to talk about places :
   
   • Turkey is a good country.
   • Istanbul is very crowded.
     
4. to talk about the time :
   
   • It is three o'clock.
   • I am early.
     
5. to talk about the weather :
   
   • It is cold today.
   • It is sunny today.
     
6. to talk about how people feel :
   
   • They are happy.
   • We are hungry.
     

• there are three forms of " be ": am, is and are
• there are eight subject pronouns
  
  1. I
  2. You (singular)
     
  3. He
  4. She
  5. It
  6. We
  7. You (plural)
     
  8. They
     

EXERCISE 1 :

Complete the sentences.

1. I ............. from Istanbul.
2. You ............ a student.
3. He .............. fine.
4. She ............. Mexican.
5. It ............. a car.
6. We ............ at the school now.
7. They ............ Italian.

EXERCISE 2 :

Complete the negative sentences.

1. I ............. from Ankara.
2. You ............ a teacher.
3. He .............. tired.
4. She ............. Italian.
5. It ............. a table.
6. We ............ in the classroom now.
7. They ............ Mexican.

EXERCISE 3 :

Write the questions and complete the answers.

1. today / it / is / Sunday / ?
   ....................................................
   No, .................. .
2. you / German / are / ?
   ....................................................
   Yes, ................. .
3. is / teacher / who / your / ?
   ....................................................
   Mr. Lee .................................... .
4. from / they /are /Italy / ?
   ....................................................
   Yes, .................. .
5. pencil / it / is / your / ?
   ....................................................
   No, ................... .

Answers:
Exercise1:

1. am
2. are
3. is
4. is
5. is
6. are
7. are

Exercise2:

1. am not
   
2. aren't
3. isn't
4. isn't
5. isn't
6. aren't
7. aren't

Exercise3:

1. Is it Sunday today? No, it isn't.
   
2. Are you German? Yes, I am.
   
3. Who is your teacher? Mr. Lee is my teacher.
   
4. Are they from Italy? Yes, they are
   
5. Is it your pencil? No, it isn't

Anasayfa

Yeni Başlayanlar

Beginner

• Lesson One : Selamlaşma
  
  
• Lesson Two : Nereli olduğunu sorma ve söyleme
  
  
• Lesson Three : Sayılar (Numbers)
  
  
• Lesson Four : Yaş sorma ve söyleme
  
  
• Lesson Five : Renkler (Colours)
  
  
• Lesson Six : Aylar ve günler (Months and days)
  
  
• Lesson Seven: a / an ve nesneler
  
  
• Lesson Eight: "this is- that is" ile nesneleri söyleme
  
  
• Lesson Nine : İsimlerin çoğul hali
  
  
• Lesson Ten : "these are-those are" ile nesneleri söyleme
  
  
• Lesson Eleven : Saatleri öğreniyoruz
  
  
• Lesson Twelve : Sayılar (20/100)
  
  
• Lesson Thirteen : Ailem ( My Family )
  
  
• Lesson Fourteen : " 's " takısı ve " whose "
  
  
• Lesson Fifteen : Meslekler- what is your job?
  
  
• Lesson Sixteen : Edatlar - on , in, at, ....
  
  
• Lesson Seventeen : Have got - has got
  

• Topic : Complaining
• Grammar :
  
  • Talking about the past
  • Past Continuous
    
• Level : Elementary

• Topic : Grocery shopping
• Grammar : Questions with "do" and "does"
• Level : Beginner

• Topic : Fears
• Grammar :
  
  • Expressing Feelings
  • Adjectives with prepositions
    
• Level : Upper-intermediate

• Topic : New York
• Grammar : Yes / No Questions
• Level : Beginner

• Topic : Crime
• Grammar : Yes / No Questions
• Level : Beginner

MUCH and MANY
"How much" and "How many"

USES

• Much and Many

1. We use much and many to talk about quantity.
   
   
   1. Tom hasn't got much money
   2. Can she buy many cakes?
      
      
2. We use much with uncountable nouns. We normally use it in negative statements and questions:
   
   
   1. I haven't much time.
   2. There isn't much milk in the fridge.
   3. Have you got much money?
   4. Is there much milk in that carton?
      
      
3. We use many with plural countable nouns. We normally use it in negative statements and questions:
   
   
   1. There aren't many pandas in China.
   2. There aren't many students in the library.
   3. Has she got many problems?
   4. Are there many windows in that room?
      
      
4. We sometimes use many in positive sentences:
   
   
   1. Many people speak English.
   2. Many young people like playing basketball.
      
      

• How much ....? and How many ....?

1. We use "How much" with uncountable nouns to make questions about quantity.
   
   
   1. How much money have you got?
   2. How much milk do you want in your tea?
   3. How much does it cost?
      
      
2. We use "How many" with plural countable nouns to make questions about quantity.
   
   
   1. How many cakes can she buy?
   2. How many windows are broken?
   3. How many bananas do you want?
      
      

• More
  

1. We also use more to talk about quantity. We can use more with uncountable and plural countable nouns.
   
   
   1. Kate can buy only two cakes. She needs more cakes for the party.
   2. Tom needs more money.
      
      
2. We often use some more or any more .
   
   
   1. Kate needs some more cakes but she hasn't got any more money.
   2. I don't want to hear any more questions
      
      
      

EXERCISE 1:
Fill in the blanks with "How many" or "How much".

• How many apples do you need for the apple pie?

1. ……………… milk do you put into the pan?
2. ……………… monkeys are there in that cage?
3. ……………… bread do you need?
4. ……………… glasses of water do you drink a day?
5. ………………. salt did you put into the soup?
   

EXERCISE 2:
Make question sentences using "How many" or "How much" as in the example below.

• Linda has put seven apples into the basket.
  How many apples has Linda put into the basket?
  

• There is some money in Tom’s pocket.
  How much money is there in Tom’s pocket?
  

1. They have three cats in their house.
   …………………… do they have?
   
   
2. Mike eats some bread.
   ……………………… does Mike eat?
   
   
3. There are ten pears in the basket.
   ………………………… pears are there in the basket?
   
   
4. There is a little tea in the box.
   ……………………… tea is there in the box?
   
   
5. There isn’t any coffee in the cupboard.
   …………………… coffee is there in the cupboard?
   
   

Anasayfa

kaynaklar:MEB

• Topic : Making a date
• Grammar : Polite Language 
  I was wondering if ...
  Would you mind ...
  Do you mind ...
• Level: Beginner
  

• Topic : Planning a Trip
• Grammar : Superlatives
• Level : Elementary

A LOT - A FEW - A LITTLE

There are a lot of apples in the basket.








There are a few apples in the basket.








There is a little milk in the bottle.

Examples

• A : What did you do at the party last night ?
  B : We sang a few songs at the party.
  

• Tolga has already knew a little English.
  

• There are a lot of eggs in the basket.
  

EXERCISE 1:
Fill in the blanks with "a lot", "a little" and "a few".

• There are a lot of chickens in the garden.

• A : Is there any bread?
  B : Yes, there is a little.

1. There is ………. coffee in the jar.
2. A : Is there any cheese in the fridge? B : Yes, there is ………………
3. There is …………. corn in the jar.
4. A : Are there any eggs in the basket? B : Yes, there are …………….. eggs in the basket
5. There are …………… pears in the basket.

Answers
EXERCISE 1
1. a lot of
2. a little
3. a little
4. a lot of
5. a few

Anasayfa

kaynak:MEB